assert.cpp

//##################################################################################################
//  ALib C++ Framework
//
//  Copyright 2013-2025 A-Worx GmbH, Germany
//  Published under 'Boost Software License' (a free software license, see LICENSE.txt)
//##################################################################################################
#include "alib_precompile.hpp"
#if !defined(ALIB_C20_MODULES) || ((ALIB_C20_MODULES != 0) && (ALIB_C20_MODULES != 1))
#   error "Configuration MACRO ALIB_C20_MODULES has to be given to the compiler as either 0 or 1"
#endif
#if ALIB_C20_MODULES
    module;
#endif
//========================================= Global Fragment ========================================
#include "alib/strings/strings.prepro.hpp"
#include "alib/variables/variables.prepro.hpp"
#if ALIB_DEBUG
#   include <cstdlib>
#   include "alib/platformincludes.hpp"
#   include <cassert>
#   include <cstring>
#   include <iostream>
#   include <iomanip>
#   include <string>
#   include <string>
#   include <stdexcept>
#   include <any>
#   if __has_include(<format>)
#      include <format>
#   else
#      include <fmt/format.h>
#   endif
#   include <codecvt>
 
#   if (ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED && ALIB_EXT_LIB_THREADS_AVAILABLE)
#       include <thread>
#   endif
#   if ALIB_DEBUG_ASSERTION_PRINTABLES
#       include <unordered_set>
#   endif
 
#   include <iostream>
#   include <iomanip>
#   include <typeindex>
#   include <functional>
#endif
 
//============================================== Module ============================================
#if ALIB_C20_MODULES
    module   ALib.Lang;
#  if ALIB_DEBUG
        import   ALib.Threads;
        import   ALib.Bootstrap;
#      if ALIB_STRINGS
        import   ALib.Strings;
        import   ALib.Strings.Token;
#         if ALIB_MONOMEM
           import   ALib.Strings.Monomem;
#         endif
#      endif
#      if ALIB_BOXING
        import   ALib.Boxing;
#      endif
#       if ALIB_ENUMRECORDS
        import   ALib.EnumRecords;
#       endif
#       if ALIB_RESOURCES
        import   ALib.Resources;
#       endif
#       if ALIB_VARIABLES
        import   ALib.Variables;
#       endif
#       if ALIB_SYSTEM
        import   ALib.System;
#       endif
#       if ALIB_THREADMODEL
        import   ALib.ThreadModel;
#       endif
#       if ALIB_CAMP
        import   ALib.Camp.Base;
#       endif
#   endif
#else
#   include    "ALib.Lang.H"
#   if ALIB_DEBUG
#      include "ALib.Bootstrap.H"
#      include "ALib.Threads.H"
#      include "ALib.Strings.H"
#      include "ALib.Strings.Token.H"
#      include "ALib.Strings.Monomem.H"
#      include "ALib.Boxing.H"
#      include "ALib.EnumRecords.H"
#      include "ALib.Resources.H"
#      include "ALib.Variables.H"
#      include "ALib.System.H"
#      include "ALib.ThreadModel.H"
#      include "ALib.Camp.Base.H"
#   endif
#endif
 
#if ALIB_DEBUG
//========================================== Implementation ========================================
#include "ALib.Lang.CIFunctions.H"
 
namespace alib::assert {
 
//##################################################################################################
// Debug functions
//##################################################################################################
#if (ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED && ALIB_EXT_LIB_THREADS_AVAILABLE) || DOXYGEN
 
#if !DOXYGEN
    namespace  { std::thread::id  dbg_thread_seen;
                 bool             dbg_in_single_threaded_check= false; }
#endif
 
 
//==================================================================================================
/// This function stores the first thread that invokes it, and if in the future the method is
/// visited by a different thread, it asserts.
///
/// In release compilations, this function is inlined and empty, and therefore it is not
/// necessary to remove usages with preprocessor macro #"ALIB_DBG" or similar.
///
/// In debug-compilations, this is not empty if:
/// 1. Configuration macro #"ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED" is set (what disables thread-safeness
///    throughout the library), and
/// 2. Configuration macro #"ALIB_EXT_LIB_THREADS_AVAILABLE" was passed on library compilation,
///    which allows using the C++ standard library's threading types without causing linker
///    failures.
///
/// If given, this function is, for example, called by macros #"ALIB_LOCK" or
/// #"ALIB_DCS", which otherwise are defined to do what they are supposed to do.
/// This exclamatory approach was made with \alib to motivate to
/// write #"alib_threads_intro_agnostic;threading-agnostic software".
///
/// Besides several macros, some other prominent \alib-entities, like #"Lox", #"format::Formatter",
/// or #"TMonoAllocator" invoke this method with their acquisition.
//==================================================================================================
void SingleThreaded()
{
    if( dbg_in_single_threaded_check ) // this would happen when the assertion below is raised
        return;
    dbg_in_single_threaded_check= true;
 
    // first time?
    if( lang::IsNull(dbg_thread_seen) )
    {
        dbg_thread_seen= std::this_thread::get_id();
        dbg_in_single_threaded_check= false;
        return;
    }
 
    if( dbg_thread_seen != std::this_thread::get_id() )
    {
        ALIB_ERROR(  "THREADS",
                     "A second thread was detected using a single-threaded compilation of ALib"
                     "(Configuration Macro 'ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED' given with the ALib Build)."     )
    }
    dbg_in_single_threaded_check= false;
}
#endif  // ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED && ALIB_EXT_LIB_THREADS_AVAILABLE
 
} // namespace [alib]
 
//##################################################################################################
// Assert functions
//##################################################################################################
namespace alib::assert {
 
void (*PLUGIN)( const CallerInfo&  ci    , int              type,
                std::string_view   domain, std::string_view msg )                         = nullptr;
 
namespace {  }
std::string_view                   FORMAT           = "{file}:{line} {type}:\n{message}";
std::ostream*                      STREAM_ERRORS    = &std::cerr;
std::ostream*                      STREAM_WARNINGS  = &std::cout;
std::ostream*                      STREAM_MESSAGES  = &std::cout;
 
#if !DOXYGEN
namespace {
    thread_local TLD HALT_FLAGS_AND_COUNTERS;
    bool           isInitialized= false;
    std::string    outBuffer;
#if !ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED
    RecursiveLock  lock;
#endif
 
 
static std::unordered_map<std::type_index, AnyConversionFunc> registeredAnys;
 
#if __has_include(<format>)
    namespace f=std;
#else
    namespace f=fmt;
#endif
 
void initializeDefaultPrintables() {
    isInitialized= true;
    RegisterPrintable(typeid( bool        ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast< bool        >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid( char        ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast< char        >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid( int8_t      ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast< int8_t      >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid(uint8_t      ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast<uint8_t      >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid( int16_t     ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast< int16_t     >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid(uint16_t     ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast<uint16_t     >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid( int32_t     ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast< int32_t     >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid(uint32_t     ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast<uint32_t     >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid( int64_t     ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast< int64_t     >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid(uint64_t     ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast<uint64_t     >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid(float        ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast<float        >(any)); });
    RegisterPrintable(typeid(unsigned long), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast<unsigned long>(any)); });
DOX_MARKER( [DOX_ASSERT_REGISTER_PRINTABLE])
RegisterPrintable(typeid(double),
    [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
        s+= f::format("{}", std::any_cast<double     >(any));
    });
RegisterPrintable(typeid(const char*),
    [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
        auto* value= std::any_cast<const char*>(any);
        if (value)
            s+= value;
    });
RegisterPrintable(typeid(const char8_t*),
    [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
        auto* value= std::any_cast<const char*>(any);
        if (value)
            s+= value;
    });
RegisterPrintable(typeid(const wchar_t*),
    [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
        auto* value= std::any_cast<const wchar_t*>(any);
        if (value) {
          ALIB_ALLOW_DEPRECATED
            std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>> converter;
            s+= converter.to_bytes(value);
          ALIB_POP_ALLOWANCE
        }
    });
DOX_MARKER( [DOX_ASSERT_REGISTER_PRINTABLE])
        
        if constexpr (sizeof(wchar_t) == 2)
            RegisterPrintable(typeid(const char32_t*),
                [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
                    auto* value= std::any_cast<const char32_t*>(any);
                    if (value) {
                      ALIB_ALLOW_DEPRECATED
                        std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<char32_t>, char32_t> converter;
                        s+= converter.to_bytes(value);
                      ALIB_POP_ALLOWANCE
                    }
                });
        if constexpr (sizeof(wchar_t) == 4)
            RegisterPrintable(typeid(const char16_t*),
                [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
                    auto* value= std::any_cast<const char16_t*>(any);
                    if (value) {
                      ALIB_ALLOW_DEPRECATED
                        std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<char16_t>, char16_t> converter;
                        s+= converter.to_bytes(value);
                      ALIB_POP_ALLOWANCE
                    }
                });
 
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(std::string          ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= *std::any_cast<std::string    >(&any); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(std::string_view     ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= std::any_cast<std::string_view>( any); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(const std::type_info*), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
            auto* typeInfo= std::any_cast<const std::type_info*>(any);
            if (typeInfo)
                s+= lang::DbgTypeDemangler(*typeInfo).Get();
        });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(std::thread::id)      , [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
            #if !ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED
                auto threadID= std::any_cast<std::thread::id>(any);
                if ( !lang::IsNull(threadID)) {
                    Thread* thread= Thread::Get(threadID);
                    if (thread) {
                        #if !ALIB_CHARACTERS_WIDE
                            s+= thread->GetName();
                        #else
                            std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<character>, character> converter;
                            s+= converter.to_bytes(thread->GetName());
                        #endif
                        s += f::format("({})", thread->GetID());
                    }
                    else
                        s+= "<Unknown thread>";
                }
            #else
                (void) any;
                s+= "<SINGLE_THREADED>";
            #endif
        });
 
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(std::errc), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
            std::error_code ec = std::make_error_code(std::any_cast<std::errc>(any));
            s+= '"'; s+= ec.message(); s+= '"';  s+= f::format("({})", ec.value());
        });
 
 
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(CallerInfo), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
            CallerInfo callerInfo= std::any_cast<CallerInfo>(any);
            if ( callerInfo.File == nullptr ) {
                s+= "<nulled caller>";
                return;
            }
            s+=f::format("{{Caller: @ {}:{} ({}) ", callerInfo.File,callerInfo.Line, callerInfo.Func);
            if ( callerInfo.TypeInfo ) {
                s+= "<"; s+= lang::DbgTypeDemangler(*callerInfo.TypeInfo).Get();s+= "> ";
            }
            #if !ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED
                s+=f::format("thread::id= {}", 5 );
            #endif
            s+= '}';
        });
 
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(Thread*)      , [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
            #if !ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED
                Thread* thread= std::any_cast<Thread*>(any);
                    if (thread) {
                        #if !ALIB_CHARACTERS_WIDE
                            s+= thread->GetName();
                        #else
                            std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<character>, character> converter;
                            s+= converter.to_bytes(thread->GetName());
                        #endif
                        s += f::format("({})", thread->GetID());
                    }
                    else
                        s+= "<Unknown thread>";
            #else
                (void) any;
                s+= "<SINGLE_THREADED>";
            #endif
        });
 
        #if !ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(Thread::State)      , [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
            auto state= std::any_cast<Thread::State>(any);
                 if (state==Thread::State::Unstarted ) s+= "Unstarted";
            else if (state==Thread::State::Started   ) s+= "Started";
            else if (state==Thread::State::Running   ) s+= "Running";
            else if (state==Thread::State::Done      ) s+= "Done";
            else if (state==Thread::State::Terminated) s+= "Terminated";
            else         s+= "<Unknown thread state>";
        });
        #endif
 
        ALIB_ALLOW_DEPRECATED
        #if ALIB_STRINGS
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(NString ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= std::string_view( std::any_cast<NString >(any).Buffer(), size_t(std::any_cast<NString >(any).Length()) ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(NAString), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= std::string_view( std::any_cast<NAString>(any).Buffer(), size_t(std::any_cast<NAString>(any).Length()) ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(NCString), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= std::string_view( std::any_cast<NCString>(any).Buffer(), size_t(std::any_cast<NCString>(any).Length()) ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(WString ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar>, wchar> converter; auto src=std::any_cast<WString >(any); s+= converter.to_bytes(src.Buffer(), src.Buffer() + src.Length() ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(WAString), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar>, wchar> converter; auto src=std::any_cast<WAString>(any); s+= converter.to_bytes(src.Buffer(), src.Buffer() + src.Length() ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(WCString), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar>, wchar> converter; auto src=std::any_cast<WCString>(any); s+= converter.to_bytes(src.Buffer(), src.Buffer() + src.Length() ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(XString ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<xchar>, xchar> converter; auto src=std::any_cast<XString >(any); s+= converter.to_bytes(src.Buffer(), src.Buffer() + src.Length() ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(XAString), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<xchar>, xchar> converter; auto src=std::any_cast<XAString>(any); s+= converter.to_bytes(src.Buffer(), src.Buffer() + src.Length() ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(XCString), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<xchar>, xchar> converter; auto src=std::any_cast<XCString>(any); s+= converter.to_bytes(src.Buffer(), src.Buffer() + src.Length() ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(Token   ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= NString256(String256(std::any_cast<Token>(any))); });
        #if ALIB_MONOMEM
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(NAStringMA), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= std::string_view( std::any_cast<NAStringMA>(any).Buffer(), size_t(std::any_cast<NAStringMA>(any).Length()) ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(WAStringMA), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { std::wstring_convert< std::codecvt_utf8<wchar>, wchar> converter; auto src=std::any_cast<WAStringMA>(any); s+= converter.to_bytes(src.Buffer(), src.Buffer() + src.Length() ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(NAStringPA), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { s+= std::string_view( std::any_cast<NAStringPA>(any).Buffer(), size_t(std::any_cast<NAStringPA>(any).Length()) ); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(WAStringPA), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) { std::wstring_convert< std::codecvt_utf8<wchar>, wchar> converter; auto src=std::any_cast<WAStringPA>(any); s+= converter.to_bytes(src.Buffer(), src.Buffer() + src.Length() ); });
        #endif
        #endif
        ALIB_POP_ALLOWANCE
 
        #if ALIB_BOXING && ALIB_ENUMRECORDS
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(Box ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<Box >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(Enum), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<Enum>(any)); });
        #endif
 
        // CodeMarker_CommonEnums
        #if ALIB_ENUMRECORDS
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Alignment        ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Alignment        >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Bool             ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Bool             >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Caching          ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Caching          >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Case             ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Case             >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::ContainerOp      ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::ContainerOp      >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::CreateDefaults   ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::CreateDefaults   >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::CreateIfNotExists), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::CreateIfNotExists>(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::CurrentData      ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::CurrentData      >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Inclusion        ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Inclusion        >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Initialization   ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Initialization   >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::LineFeeds        ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::LineFeeds        >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Phase            ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Phase            >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Propagation      ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Propagation      >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Reach            ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Reach            >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Recursive        ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Recursive        >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Responsibility   ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Responsibility   >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Safeness         ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Safeness         >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Side             ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Side             >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::SortOrder        ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::SortOrder        >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::SourceData       ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::SourceData       >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Switch           ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Switch           >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Timezone         ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Timezone         >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Timing           ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Timing           >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::ValueReference   ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::ValueReference   >(any)); });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(lang::Whitespaces      ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<lang::Whitespaces      >(any)); });
        #endif
 
 
        #if ALIB_VARIABLES
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(const variables::Variable*), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
            auto* o= std::any_cast<const variables::Variable*>(any);
            String256 serialize;
            o->Name(serialize);
            ALIB_STRINGS_TO_NARROW(serialize, ns, 256)
            s+= ns;
        });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(variables::Variable*), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
            auto* o= std::any_cast<variables::Variable*>(any);
            String256 serialize;
            o->Name(serialize);
            ALIB_STRINGS_TO_NARROW(serialize, ns, 256)
            s+= ns;
        });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(variables::Variable), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {
            auto o= std::any_cast<variables::Variable>(any);
            String256 serialize;
            o.Name(serialize);
            ALIB_STRINGS_TO_NARROW(serialize, ns, 256)
            s+= ns;
        });
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(variables::Priority), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<variables::Priority>(any)); });
        #endif
 
        #if ALIB_SYSTEM
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(system::Path        ), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<system::Path        >(any)); });
        #endif
 
        #if ALIB_THREADMODEL && ALIB_ENUMRECORDS
        RegisterPrintable(typeid(threadmodel::Priority), [](const std::any& any, std::string& s) {  s+= NString256(std::any_cast<threadmodel::Priority>(any)); });
        #endif
 
    }
 
void printRegisteredAny(const std::any& any, const CallerInfo& ci) {
    if (!any.has_value())
        return;
    auto it = registeredAnys.find(std::type_index(any.type()));
    if (it != registeredAnys.end()) {
        // Call the associated function
        it->second(any, outBuffer);
    } else {
        std::cerr << "Internal Error using alib::assert::Assert(): No converter registered for type: <"
                  << lang::DbgTypeDemangler( any.type() ).Get()
                  << '>' << std::endl
                  << "at " << ci.File << ':' << ci.Line << std::endl;
        assert(false);
}   }
 
const char* resolveMessageType(int msgType) {
    if (msgType == 0) return "error";
    if (msgType == 1) return "warning";
                      return "message";
}
 
void writeMessage( std::ostream& os, int msgType, const std::string_view& domain,
                    const char* file, int line,
                    const std::string_view& message                   ) {
    // Start with the global format string
    std::string_view format = FORMAT;
 
    // Loop and process the format string
    size_t start = 0;
    while (start < format.size()) {
        // Find the next placeholder starting from 'start'
        size_t openBrace = format.find('{', start);
        if (openBrace == std::string_view::npos) {
            // No more placeholders, print the remaining part
            os << format.substr(start);
            break;
        }
 
        // Print everything before the '{'
        os << format.substr(start, openBrace - start);
 
        // Find the closing '}'
        size_t closeBrace = format.find('}', openBrace + 1);
        if (closeBrace == std::string_view::npos) {
            // Invalid placeholder syntax (no closing '}'), just print raw text
            os << format.substr(openBrace);
            break;
        }
 
        // Extract the placeholder name
        std::string_view placeholder = format.substr(openBrace + 1, closeBrace - openBrace - 1);
 
        // Substitute the placeholder with the corresponding value
             if ( placeholder == "type"    ) os << resolveMessageType(msgType);
        else if ( placeholder == "file"    ) os << file;
        else if ( placeholder == "line"    ) os << line;
        else if ( placeholder == "message" ) os << message;
        else if ( placeholder == "domain"  ) os << domain;
        else       os << "{" << placeholder << "}"; // unknown placeholder
 
        // Move past the closing '}'
        start = closeBrace + 1;
    }
    os << std::endl;
} // writeMessage
 
class RecursionBlocker {
  private:
    static inline std::atomic<bool> isRecursing{false};
    bool wasBlocked;
 
  public:
    RecursionBlocker()                         noexcept { wasBlocked = isRecursing.exchange(true); }
 
    ~RecursionBlocker()                                    { if (!wasBlocked) isRecursing = false; }
 
    [[nodiscard]] bool blocked()                               const noexcept { return wasBlocked; }
 
    // Delete copy operations to ensure RAII semantics
    RecursionBlocker(const RecursionBlocker&)                                               =delete;
    RecursionBlocker& operator                              =(const RecursionBlocker&)      =delete;
};
 
#if ALIB_DEBUG_ASSERTION_PRINTABLES
    struct Key { const char* str; // Pointer to the file name
                 int value;       // Line number
                bool operator==(const Key& other) const {
                        return str == other.str && value == other.value;
    }};
 
    struct KeyHash { std::size_t operator()(const Key& key) const {
                     return std::hash<const char*>()(key.str) ^ ( std::hash<int>()(key.value) << 1);
    }};
 
    std::unordered_set<Key, KeyHash> seenSourceLocations;
#endif // ALIB_DEBUG_ASSERTION_PRINTABLES
 
} // namespace [anonymous]
 
void RegisterPrintable(std::type_index typeIndex, AnyConversionFunc func) {
    registeredAnys[typeIndex] = func;
}
 
#if ALIB_DEBUG_ASSERTION_PRINTABLES
#   pragma message ("ALIB_DEBUG_ASSERTION_PRINTABLES set. ALib will print all assertions once, no matter if they are raised or not." )
    void CheckArgsImpl( const CallerInfo& ci, const std::span<std::any>& args ) {
        if ( !alib::NonCampModulesInitialized )     return;
        if( !isInitialized )                        initializeDefaultPrintables();
 
        if (!seenSourceLocations.insert(Key{ci.File, ci.Line}).second)
            return;
 
 
        for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size(); ++i) {
            auto it = registeredAnys.find(std::type_index(args[i].type()));
            if (it == registeredAnys.end()) {
                std::cerr << "Internal Error using alib::assert::Assert(): No converter registered for type: <"
                          << lang::DbgTypeDemangler( args[i].type() ).Get()
                          << '>'  << std::endl
                          << "    at: " << ci.File << ':' << ci.Line << std::endl;
                assert(false);
        }}
 
        raise(ci, -1, "ASSERTTEST", args );
    }
#endif
 
#endif // !DOXYGEN
 
TLD& GetHaltFlagAndCounters()                                    { return HALT_FLAGS_AND_COUNTERS; }
 
void raise( const CallerInfo& ci, int type, std::string_view domain,
            const std::span<std::any>& args )  {
 
    // lock parallel assertions if necessary
    ALIB_LOCK_RECURSIVE_WITH(lock)
    RecursionBlocker blocker;
    if (blocker.blocked())
        return;
    
    // register printable types (once)
    if( !isInitialized )
        initializeDefaultPrintables();
 
    // assemble message
    outBuffer.clear();
 
    // With ALox replacing this method (the usual thing), the first string might auto-detected
    // as an ALox domain name. To keep this consistent, we do a similar effort here.
    {
        for( nchar c : domain ) {
            if (!    (    isdigit( c )
                       || ( c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z' )
                       || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '/' || c == '.' ) )  {
                std::cerr << "Illegal alib::assert::Assert() domain given: " << domain << std::endl;
                assert(false);
    }}}
 
    size_t i = 0; // Index to track the current argument
    while (i < args.size()) {
        const std::any& arg = args[i];
 
        if (    arg.type() == typeid(const char*)
             || arg.type() == typeid(std::string)
             || arg.type() == typeid(std::string_view) ) {
 
            std::string_view str;
 
                 if (arg.type() == typeid(const char*)) str = std::string_view( std::any_cast<const char*     >( arg));
            else if (arg.type() == typeid(std::string)) str = std::string_view(*std::any_cast<std::string     >(&arg));
            else                                        str =                   std::any_cast<std::string_view>( arg) ;
            std::string_view origStr= str;
 
                                                     
            // Lambda function to parse and print the format string
            auto handle_format_string = [&]() {
                size_t pos = 0; // Position to find "{}"
                while ((pos = str.find("{}")) != std::string::npos) {
                    // Print the portion before the placeholder
                    outBuffer+= str.substr(0, pos);
 
                    // Move to the next argument for substitution
                    if (++i >= args.size()) {
                        std::cerr << "alib::assert: Not enough arguments for format placeholders!" << std::endl;
                        std::cerr << " Format string: <" << origStr << '>' << std::endl;
                        std::cerr << " @ : " << ci.File << ':' << ci.Line << std::endl;
                        assert(false);
                        return;
                    }
 
                    // Print the argument substituted in place of "{}"
                    const std::any& placeholderArg = args[i];
                    printRegisteredAny(placeholderArg, ci);
 
                    // Remove the processed portion of the string
                    str = str.substr(pos + 2);
                }
 
                // Print the remaining part of the string (after all `{}` are replaced)
                outBuffer+= str;
 
                // End the lambda function
            };
 
            // Process the format string with the lambda
            handle_format_string();
        } else
            printRegisteredAny(arg, ci);
 
        ++i;
    }
 
    // if plugin hook, use it.
    if( PLUGIN && type!= -1 ) // -1 = CheckArgs
        PLUGIN( ci, type, domain, outBuffer.c_str() );
 
    // Print the formatted message to the console.
    else {
        // check if we already lock io-streams. We can do this, because this is anyhow
        // debug-code. This way, we avoid recursive locking.
        // (If locked by somebody else, we do not care and still write to the ostream!)
        #if !ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED
        bool lockingIoStreams= !threads::STD_IOSTREAMS_LOCK.Dbg.IsOwnedByCurrentThread();
        if( lockingIoStreams )
            threads::STD_IOSTREAMS_LOCK.Acquire(ALIB_CALLER);
        #endif
 
        writeMessage(   type == 0 ? *STREAM_ERRORS
                      : type == 1 ? *STREAM_WARNINGS
                      :             *STREAM_MESSAGES,
                      type, domain, ci.File, ci.Line, outBuffer);
        #if !ALIB_SINGLE_THREADED
        if( lockingIoStreams )
            threads::STD_IOSTREAMS_LOCK.Release(ALIB_CALLER);
        #endif
    }
 
    // Halt?
    bool halt;
         if (type == 0) {HALT_FLAGS_AND_COUNTERS.CtdErrors++;   halt= HALT_FLAGS_AND_COUNTERS.HaltOnErrors; }
    else if (type == 1) {HALT_FLAGS_AND_COUNTERS.CtdWarnings++; halt= HALT_FLAGS_AND_COUNTERS.HaltOnWarnings; }
    else                {HALT_FLAGS_AND_COUNTERS.CtdMessages++; halt= false; }
    #if defined( _WIN32 )
        if( halt ) {
            #if  ALIB_CAMP
            if ( BASECAMP.IsDebuggerPresent() )
                DebugBreak();
            else
            #endif
            assert( false );
        }
    #else
        #if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
            if (halt)
                __builtin_trap();
        #elif defined ( _MSC_VER )
            if (halt)
                __debugbreak();
        #else
            (void) halt; // for release compiles with ALIB_DEBUG set
            assert( !halt );
        #endif
 
    #endif
}
}// namespace [alib::assert]
 
#   include "ALib.Lang.CIMethods.H"
#endif // ALIB_DEBUG